Overall, the technical success rate of bile duct stent placement is around 90–95%. 4 In 3–5% of patients the percutaneous transhepatic route must be used rather than the transduodenal route ...

Exclusion of the presence of vasculature in the path of the needle using color Doppler ultrasound ... biliary balloon dilator. Following dilation, insertion of two 7 or 10 Fr double pigtail stents ...

There has been an ongoing debate regarding which duplex ultrasound (DUS) criteria to use to determine the rate of in-stent restenosis. This prospective study revisits DUS criteria for determining ...