Humoral immunity refers to antibody-mediated immune responses. Antibodies are produced by plasma cells and protect the host from infection in three main ways: by binding to pathogens to inhibit ...

Effective cellular and humoral immune responses by T and B cells ... cells and other types of innate immune cell and humoral components, which have important inductive or effector roles to ...

Thymic atrophy, which substantially affects T-cell-dependent immune function, shifts immune response towards a humoral response ... how these components specifically influence both the development ...