Each atom then has a complete outer shell of electrons. The slideshow shows how a covalent bond forms between a hydrogen atom and a chlorine atom, making hydrogen chloride. A simple molecule ...

Substances that consist of covalent molecules are usually gases or liquids at room temperature. Ionic bonds are formed between a metal and non-metal, for example, sodium chloride. Outer electrons ...

This attraction pulls the atoms together and the electrons are shared by both atoms. The atoms bond because there is a strong enough attraction in both directions and room for the electrons in the ...

Calcium becomes a +2 ion and each chlorine becomes a -1 ion. The +2 calcium ion and the two -1 chloride ions attract each other and form an ionic bond and the compound calcium chloride. One calcium ...