Due to complex anatomy, both indocyanine green and intraoperative cholangiogram (IOC) were utilized for a successful laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Only ERCP and IOC were able to clearly identify ...
Cholecystectomy is usually laparoscopic surgery. To do this type of surgery ... Before the surgeon removes the gallbladder, you may have a special X-ray procedure called intraoperative cholangiography ...