The main variances in nuts are those with locking mechanisms and those without locking mechanisms. It would be impossible to create an unabridged listing of every type of nut available, but some of ...
If you have a metal lathe just looking for some work, why not make your own lock nuts? That’s what [my mechanics insight] did when faced with a peculiar lock nut that needed replacing in a car.
Unless you are a mechanical engineer, you might not realize there’s a lot of nuances to something even as simple as a nut and bolt. How many threads do you need to engage? Do lock washers work?