No consensus has yet been reached as to what overall portion of the mantle has become depleted by melt extraction. Current estimates range anywhere from 30 to 100%, implying that much remains ...

the interaction of the Earth's mantle with other major reservoirs (continental crust, core), and the estimation of the bulk composition of major Earth reservoirs, to more localized aspects of melt ...

I use a wide range of geophysical techniques to study deformation in rocks and ice, melt generation and extraction, and volcanic processes. Deformation and mass transport depend critically on the ...

Continuously surfacing and melting parts of the mantle give rise to many of the volcanoes in the area. Meanwhile, as seawater seeps deeper into the mantle, the hotter temperatures heat it up and ...