A study shows that small ear muscles activate when focusing on sounds, hinting at evolutionary traits and aiding hearing ...

“The exact reason these became vestigial is difficult to tell, as our ancestors lost this ability about 25 million years ago, ...

If you can wiggle your ears, you can use muscles that helped our distant ancestors listen closely. These auricular muscles ...

Look at you. You're out of control. Ah, it's not you. I'm just talking about your reflexes-- those involuntary muscle movements that you have no control over. And reflexes are a great thing.

Effector produces a response (muscle contracts to move hand away). Organisms are able to modify a reflex action and overcome it, but this uses the brain and has to be learnt. For example ...

Then the examiner determines range of motion (ROM) of the neck and extremities and perform a sensory evaluation, manual muscle testing, and elicitation of normal and abnormal reflexes. Necessary ...