The precise pathogenesis of NEC is elusive. For a brief review of GI anatomy and physiology, see Sidebar 2. As early as 1975, the triad of GI mucosal injury, presence of bacteria in the gut, and ...

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) has widespread implications for neonates. While mostly affecting preterm neonates, full-term neonates, especially those with congenital heart disease, are also at risk.