Biominerals, such as sea urchin spines or mollusc shells, are sources of inspiration and envy to materials researchers. These inorganic–organic hybrids have exceptional mechanical properties ...

Left: This is a cross-section of the spine showing its hollow center and porous wall architecture (scale bar = 1.0 millimeter). Right: This is the outer surface of the spine. Barbs point toward ...

Diadema Savignyi A recent visitor came out of the sea with more than 400 sea urchin spines stuck in his body, according to marine biologist Dr. Terney Pradeep Kumara. In another incident, a foreigner ...

Sea urchins have a variety of external organs that can be found in among the spines. The photograph below is of the oral area of a regular sea urchin. The most important external organs are the ...

From what it appears, they are immune to the spines and venom. Sharks and Sea Urchins Are Important to the Ocean’s Ecosystem Sharks control sea urchin numbers, creating a safe life balance in ...