We know today that Wnt and a handful of other signalling systems (Notch, Hedgehog, TGFβ (transforming growth factor-β)–BMP (bone morphogenetic protein) and receptor tyrosine kinases ...

In the presence of a Wnt signal, GSK-3β phosphorylation is inhibited, and the cytoplasmic pool of β-catenin is stabilized. This free β-catenin moves to the nucleus where it binds to Tcf transcr ...

Beta catenin meanwhile is a signalling protein in the Wnt/Wingless pathway – in particular a downstream transcription factor (TCF) implicated in a range of solid tumour types including ...