The Chola kings, who ruled from before the Common Era until the 13th century, were long gone by the 17th century, when the Portuguese, Dutch, and the East India Company were vying for trade from the ...

The Cholas were a powerful south Indian dynasty known for military conquests, grand temples and shaping global trade and ...

A History Written in Stone and Clay The temple ... temple situated in a “grove of wild olive trees” near the sea. The temple’s coastal location, close to what was once the ancient fortress ...