Some households have water supplies that contain higher than desired levels of minerals ... contact approach would be to use an IR distance sensor mounted to the top of the tank and measure ...

These devices have key drawbacks. Water level indicators require manual pump operation and often waste power as multiple LEDs ...

Researchers have developed a new optical sensor that provides a simple way to achieve real-time detection of extremely low levels of arsenic in water.

Researchers from the Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati created a new optical sensor that offers a straightforward method for detecting extremely low levels of arsenic in water in real- time.