Diagnosis Superior vena cava syndrome due to thrombotic obstruction---a complication of a cardiac procedure. Management Anticoagulation, catheter-directed thrombolytic therapy, mechanical ...

The differential diagnoses of SVC syndrome include cardiac tamponade and right ventricular dysfunction. Dedicated cardiac imaging with echocardiography can distinguish between these diagnoses ...

Medically reviewed by Scott Sundick, MD The inferior vena cava (also known as IVC or the posterior vena cava) is a large vein ...

Studies involving ferrets necessitate knowledge of proper blood collection methods, such as cranial vena cava puncture. The CVC in the ferret has a diameter of 3.0–3.5 mm and is the main vessel ...