Some scientific studies have suggested a link between migraine with aura and a patent foramen ovale (PFO), a relatively common congenital heart defect. With this postulated link, controversy arose ...

Several studies have associated the presence of Porphyromonas gingivalis, a key pathogen related to periodontitis and apical periodontitis, with the progression of Alzheimer’s disease, as well as gut, ...

Patent foramen ovale (PFO) has been associated with cryptogenic stroke. There is conflicting data and it remains uncertain whether PFO is the direct cause, a risk factor or an incidental finding.