Lithography (from Ancient Greek λίθος (líthos) 'stone' and γράφω (gráphō) 'to write') [1] is a planographic method of printing originally based on the immiscibility of oil and water. [2] The printing is from a stone ( lithographic limestone ) or a metal plate with a smooth surface.

Lithography (from Greek λίθος - lithos, 'stone' + γράφω - graphο, 'to write') is a method for printing using a stone (lithographic limestone) or a metal (steel or aluminium) plate with a completely smooth surface.

Nanolithography (NL) is a growing field of techniques within nanotechnology dealing with the engineering (patterning e.g. etching, depositing, writing, printing etc) of nanometer -scale structures on various materials. The modern term reflects on a design of structures built in range of 10 −9 to 10 −6 meters, i.e. nanometer scale.

Lithography is a planographic printmaking process in which a design is drawn onto a flat stone (or prepared metal plate, usually zinc or aluminum) and affixed by means of a chemical reaction.

Photolithography (also known as optical lithography) is a process used in the manufacturing of integrated circuits. It involves using light to transfer a pattern onto a substrate, typically a silicon wafer. The process begins with a photosensitive material, called a …

Lithography was invented around 1796 in Germany by an otherwise unknown Bavarian playwright, Alois Senefelder, who accidentally discovered that he could duplicate his scripts by writing them in greasy crayon on slabs of limestone and then printing them with rolled-on ink.

Lithography is a method of printing on flat surfaces using a flat printing plate instead of raised relief or recessed intaglio techniques. [2] Chromolithography became the most successful of several methods of colour printing developed in the 19th century.

Lithographic limestone is hard limestone that is sufficiently fine-grained, homogeneous and defect free to be used for lithography. Geologists use the term "lithographic texture" to refer to a grain size under 1/250 mm. [1] The term "sublithographic" is sometimes used for homogeneous fine-grained limestone with a somewhat coarser texture. [2]