Stage 4 prostate cancer - Symptoms and causes - Mayo Clinic
2024年4月30日 · Prostate cancer cells that spread past the prostate most often go to the: Lymph nodes. Bones. Liver. Risk factors. Factors that can increase the risk of stage 4 prostate cancer include: Getting older. The risk of prostate cancer increases with age. Having a family history of prostate cancer.
Stage 4 prostate cancer - Diagnosis and treatment - Mayo Clinic
2024年4月30日 · Lymph node removal. When prostate cancer spreads, it often goes to the lymph nodes first. The surgeon might remove several lymph nodes and have them tested for cancer cells. This procedure is called pelvic lymph node dissection. Surgery carries …
Prostatectomy - Mayo Clinic
Most often, prostatectomy is done to treat cancer that likely hasn't spread beyond the prostate gland. The entire prostate and some tissue around it are removed. This surgery is called radical prostatectomy. During surgery, any nearby lymph nodes that look unusual also may be removed and checked for cancer.
Where does prostate cancer spread? - Mayo Clinic
2023年2月18日 · In practice, though, prostate cancer metastasis occurs most often in the lymph nodes and the bones. Prostate cancer metastasis occurs when cells break away from the tumor in the prostate. The cancer cells can travel through the lymphatic system or the bloodstream to other areas of the body.
Hormone therapy for prostate cancer - Mayo Clinic
2023年6月9日 · Testosterone fuels the growth of prostate cancer cells. Hormone therapy might be a choice for prostate cancer at different times and for different reasons during cancer treatment. Hormone therapy can be used: For prostate cancer that has spread, called metastatic prostate cancer, to shrink the cancer and slow the growth of tumors.
Prostate cancer - Diagnosis and treatment - Mayo Clinic
2024年6月14日 · Surgery for prostate cancer involves removing the prostate gland (radical prostatectomy), some surrounding tissue and a few lymph nodes. Surgery is an option for treating cancer that's confined to the prostate. It's sometimes used to treat advanced prostate cancer in combination with other treatments.
External beam radiation for prostate cancer - Mayo Clinic
2023年5月10日 · External beam radiation for prostate cancer uses high-energy beams, such as X-rays or protons, to kill cancer cells. During the treatment, the high-energy beams are generated by a machine called a linear accelerator that aims the beams at your prostate gland.
Adjuvant therapy: Treatment to keep cancer from returning
2024年5月2日 · The chance of cancer returning after surgery may be quite low. In that case, adjuvant therapy may not offer much benefit. Adjuvant therapy may be more helpful if a cancer is at a later stage or has spread to nearby lymph nodes. Number of lymph nodes involved. When cancer spreads from where it started, it often goes to the lymph nodes first.
Rhabdomyosarcoma - Symptoms and causes - Mayo Clinic
2023年12月20日 · Cancer that spreads. Rhabdomyosarcoma can spread from where it started to other parts of the body. When cancer spreads, it might require more-intense treatments. This can make recovery harder. Rhabdomyosarcoma most often spreads to the lungs, lymph nodes and bones. Long-term side effects.
Diarrhea: Cancer-related causes and how to cope - Mayo Clinic
2022年5月4日 · Cancer treatment can make you more susceptible to infections. Those infections can cause diarrhea. And antibiotics used to treat some infections may cause diarrhea. Cancer itself. Certain cancers can cause diarrhea. These include neuroendocrine tumors, colon cancer, lymphoma, medullary thyroid cancer and pancreatic cancer.