逆转录病毒科 （学名： Retroviridae）又稱「反轉錄病毒科」，分爲 雙鏈 DNA逆轉錄病毒 和 正鏈RNA逆轉錄病毒。 它们增殖時都有將遺傳物質RNA逆轉錄爲DNA的過程（前者逆轉錄反鏈RNA，後者逆轉錄正鏈RNA），多具有 逆转录酶。 本文主要介紹 正鏈RNA逆轉錄病毒。 於1908年於 丹麥 証明、1911年於 美國 進行人工實驗証實此病毒科之存在。 逆轉錄病毒大小約為100nm（70~110nm，有時至200nm），外面為一層具有表面突起的脂蛋白 套膜。

A retrovirus is a type of virus that inserts a DNA copy of its RNA genome into the DNA of a host cell that it invades, thus changing the genome of that cell. [2] . After invading a host cell's cytoplasm, the virus uses its own reverse transcriptase enzyme to produce DNA from its RNA genome, the reverse of the usual pattern, thus retro (backward).

逆转录病毒（Retrovirus），又称反转录 病毒，属于RNA病毒中的一类，它们的遗传信息不是储存在 脱氧核糖核酸 （DNA），而是储存在 核糖核酸 （RNA）上。 逆转录病毒基因组为二倍体，两条相同的单股正链RNA，其两端为长末端重复序列（LTR），内含有较强启动子和增强子，对病毒DNA的转录调控具有重要作用。 病毒核心包含 逆转录酶 和整合酶。 与其他RNA病毒不同之处在于，逆转录病毒的RNA不进行自我复制，进入宿主细胞后，RNA经逆转录酶合成双链DNA，双 …

2024年12月31日 · retrovirus, any of a group of viruses that belong to the family Retroviridae and that characteristically carry their genetic blueprint in the form of ribonucleic acid (RNA). Retroviruses are named for an enzyme known as reverse transcriptase, which was discovered independently in 1971 by American virologists Howard Temin and David Baltimore.

2023年7月16日 · A retrovirus is a virus that works by converting its own RNA into DNA once it is in a host cell. It then integrates this DNA into the DNA of the host cell, allowing the virus to replicate. Three...

2019年3月1日 · Retroviruses are a type of virus in the viral family called Retroviridae. They use RNA as their genetic material and are named for a special enzyme that’s a vital part of their life cycle — reverse...

2 天之前 · A retrovirus is a virus that uses RNA as its genomic material. Upon infection with a retrovirus, a cell converts the retroviral RNA into DNA, which in turn is inserted into the DNA of the host cell. The cell then produces more retroviruses, which infect other cells.

2024年4月9日 · Retroviruses are a type of virus that use RNA as their genetic material. They are named for the enzyme reverse transcriptase, which is a vital part of their life cycle. This RNA genome typically ranges from around 7,000 to 12,000 nucleotides in length. Retroviruses are "retro" because they reverse the normal gene-copying process.

Retroviral vectors are genetically engineered retroviruses. They have been used for the transfer of genes into the mammalian host cells for over 20 years. The retroviral vectors derived from the Moloney murine leukaemia virus are the most common retrovirus.

Retroviral RNAs contain a number of special RNA elements that are required for viral replication. Some of these elements are readily recognizable by sequence inspection (PBS, PPT, poly[A] signal), and others are easily deduced (R, U3, U5); however, some elements are not obvious by simple inspection (packaging sequences, CTEs, specialized ...