Hydroxylysine is a chemical that can be generated from l-lysine through enzymatic biotransformation, specifically by l-lysine 4R-hydroxylase and l-lysine 3S-hydroxylase. It has potential for pharmaceutical applications. AI generated definition based on: Advances in Applied Microbiology, 2021

Hydroxylysine can be glycosylated to galactosyl–hydroxylysine (Gal–Hyl) or to glucosyl–galactosyl–hydroxylysine (Glc–Gal–Hyl) [120]. Neither of these compounds is entirely specific for bone collagen. However, the concentration of Glc–Gal–Hyl is higher in skin than in bone collagen, whereas the reverse is true for Gal–Hyl [120].

Hydroxylysine is another amino acid unique to collagen and proteins containing collagen-like sequences. Like hydroxyproline, hydroxylysine is not reused for collagen biosynthesis, and although it is much less abundant than hydroxyproline, it is a potential marker of …

2020年9月1日 · The hydroxylysine and tryptophan degradation pathways also feed into the lysine degradation pathway by formation of AASA and OA, respectively (Fig. 1). Hydroxylysine originates from degradation of proteins that have undergone post-translational modification of lysine to 5-hydroxylysine by lysyl hydroxylases (e.g. collagen) [ 46 , 47 ].

2021年7月1日 · Hydroxylysine (L-5-Hydroxylysine) is an important component of collagen fibers. 30, 31, 32 Its absence can cause several disorders. 33, 34, 35 In the organism hydroxylysine is not directly incorporated in the nascent polypeptide chains of collagen, 31, 36 rather hydroxylysine results from posttranslational hydroxylation of specific lysine ...

Extracellular Maturation of Collagens. During collagen fibril formation, lysyl oxidase catalyzes the oxidative deamination of specific lysine or hydroxylysine residues in the NH 2 - or COOH-terminal telopeptides to yield allysine and hydroxyallysine, respectively. 28 These reactive aldehydes, being located in the hole zone of the fibril, are free to react with the ε-amino group of lysine or ...

2013年7月1日 · In collagen, δ-hydroxylysine is of the 5R type, whereas the lysine hydroxylation that is carried out by the enzyme JMJD6 results in the 5S stereoisomer [45]; thus the hydroxylysine could theoretically be of either type, although the 5R isomer (as found in collagen) is most likely. Nevertheless, we made models of both types of modified PrP and ...

2011年1月14日 · Collagen is the major macromolecule of most connective tissues. It forms a triple helix and is highly cross-linked to give a rigid and inextensible structure. The amino acid composition is unusual among animal proteins, with an abundance of proline and 4-hydroxyproline and a few residues of 3-hydroxyproline and hydroxylysine. The hydroxyproline ...

2025年2月1日 · 4-Hydroxylysine (4-OH-Lys), a derivative of L-lysine, is crucial in synthesizing various high-value compounds and has extensive applications in pharmaceuticals, biochemistry, and materials science [1]. Its unique chemical structure positions it as a vital precursor in developing specific drug molecules [2].

2020年7月15日 · The ROC curves of the test datasets were shown in Fig. 4 B, and the AUC values of hydroxyproline and hydroxylysine cases were 0.8991, 0.7500, separately. In general, HydLoc had the highest prediction accuracy and sensitivity on both P/K sites and showed some advantages in human hydroxyproline sites prediction, suggesting that HydLoc is an ...