2018年10月1日 · The differentiation of Th cells relies on the strength of T-cell receptor (TCR) signaling and signals triggered by polarizing cytokines that activate and/or up-regulate particular transcription factors. Several lineage-specific master transcription factors dictate Th …

2019年3月12日 · Here, we first discuss CD4 + T-cell differentiation from a historical perspective by highlighting the major studies that defined the distinct subsets of T helper cells. We next describe...

2020年5月18日 · In the case of T helper cell differentiation, while innate cytokines have been demonstrated to shape effector CD4 + T lymphocyte function, the contribution of TCR signaling strength to T helper cell differentiation is less understood. In this review, we summarize the signaling cascades regulated by the strength of TCR stimulation.

All of the Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells are differentiated from naïve CD4 T cells when they are activated through T-cell receptor (TCR)-mediated signaling. Not only are the Th effector cells important for protective immunity, they can also induce inflammatory responses to self-antigens or to nonharmful allergens, resulting in autoimmunity or ...

2020年5月21日 · CD4 + T cells can differentiate into specialized effector subtypes, including T helper type 1 (Th1), Th2, Th17, follicular helper T, and regulatory T (Treg) cells. These subtypes...

1 天前 · T helper 1 (T H 1) cells are crucial for immunity against intracellular pathogens such as viruses. Interleukin-12 (IL-12) is commonly considered to be essential for T H 1 cell differentiation and ...

2018年5月25日 · Upon encounter with their cognate antigen, naive CD 4 T cells become activated and are induced to differentiate into several possible T helper (Th) cell subsets. This differentiation depends on a number of factors including antigen‐presenting cells, …

1999年4月1日 · The differentiation of Th cells is regulated at different points by antigen and by other factors in a complex fashion that allows impressive flexibility in the T cell response generated and enables close control at multiple points to prevent an unwanted response.

2023年2月1日 · The T cell receptor (TCR) and co-receptor signaling cascades shape the phenotype and functions of CD4 + T cells. TCR signaling plays a crucial role in T cell development, antigen recognition, activation, and differentiation upon recognition of foreign- …

2025年1月22日 · Depending on which APC-secreted cytokines interact with an activated helper T cell, the cell may differentiate into a T helper 1 (T H 1) cell, a T helper 2 (T H 2) cell, or a memory helper T cell. The two types of helper T cells are relatively short-lived effector cells, meaning that they perform various functions of the immediate immune response.