The α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor (also known as AMPA receptor, AMPAR, or quisqualate receptor) is an ionotropic transmembrane receptor for glutamate and a predominant sodium ion, Na +, channel that mediates fast synaptic transmission in the central nervous system (CNS).

AMPA 受体(α-氨基-3-羟基-5-甲基-4-异恶唑丙酸受体，AMPAR)介导中枢神经系统快速兴奋性突触传递，其在突触后膜的动态表达与长时程增强（Long-term potentiation，LTP）、长时程抑制（Long-term depression,LTD）的诱发和维持有关，参与调节学习、记忆活动。

谷氨酸受体分为两类：一类为离子型受体，包括： n-甲基-d-天冬氨酸受体 （nmdar）、海人藻酸受体(kar)和α-氨基-3 羟基-5 甲基-4 异恶唑 受体（ampar），它们与 离子通道 偶联 ，形成受体通道复合物，介导快 信号传递 ；另一类属于 代谢型受体 (mglurs)，它与膜内 g ...

ampa 受体 (ampar) 是四聚促离子型谷氨酸能受体。 AMPAR 的羧基末端序列含有独特的 PDZ 结构域，这些结构域能让每个亚基与不同的支架蛋白相互作用，从而让受体停靠在细胞骨架元件上。

离子型谷氨酸受体 主要分为三类： AMPA受体 、NMDA（N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸）受体和 Kainate 受体。 AMPA 受体由四个序列高度同源且密切相关的基因组成。 它们的相关产物 GluR1-GluR4 亚基以特定的比例和组合方式6 结合成四聚体，这决定了它们的通道功能。 这些受体与许多其他细胞蛋白质一样，会发生 翻译后修饰。 这些修饰会影响蛋白质与蛋白质之间的相互作用、转运、内化及其在高尔基体中的聚集。 此外，翻译后修饰还参与调节 长时程增强 （LTP）驱动的 AMPA 受 …

Fast excitatory synaptic transmission in the mammalian brain is largely mediated by AMPA-type ionotropic glutamate receptors (AMPARs), which are activated by the neurotransmitter glutamate. In synapses, AMPAR function is tuned by their auxiliary subunits, a diverse set of membrane proteins associated with the core pore forming subunits of AMPARs.

AMPA receptors are fast ligand-gated members of glutamate receptors in neuronal and many types of non-neuronal cells. The heterotetramer complexes are assembled from four subunits (GluR1–4) in region-, development- and function-selective patterns.

AMPARs are tetramers formed from combinations of four subunits with different stoichiometries that possess different channel characteristics and are encoded by four different genes, Gria1–4. AMPARs in the adult hippocampus are generally composed of GluA1/2 or GluA2/3 [5, 6].

The α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor (AMPAR) is a subtype of the ionotropic glutamate receptors that plays a prominent role in neurotransmission and is widespread throughout the CNS. Because of this, its malfunction can result in a …

作者通过直接随机光学重建显微镜 (dSTORM)实验和电生理记录大鼠原代海马神经元的ATP或NMDA处理后的AMPAR组织和电流，从膜表面的孤立受体中提取单个AMPAR的荧光发射特性，并用于估计不同神经元区室AMPAR的密度和数量。 NMDA处理后会导致树突轴和棘中AMPAR密度快速稳定降低。 NMDAR依赖性LTD还与每个纳米域AMPAR含量的快速（在NMDA应用后的前10分钟内）和稳定（最多3小时）消耗有关。 AMPAR突触的这种重组与AMPAR介导的微小兴奋性突 …