IRIS is committed to improving global standards of small animal nephrology. Through the development of consensus-based guidelines and expert continuing education articles, IRIS …

Amendments to the education article on ‘Reassessment of "normal" values in dogs and cats with chronic kidney disease’ will be made to complement the IRIS CKD Staging Guidelines and this …

An early aim was to develop a staging system for chronic kidney disease (CKD) in dogs and cats, intended to facilitate communication about the diagnosis and management of this complex …

In healthy animals, urine concentration can change substantially over time, and 2 to 3 fold variations have been observed within 2 hours in some dogs. Cats typically produce more …

IRIS blood pressure sub-staging for dogs and cats with CKD is based on risk of target organ (ocular, neurologic, cardiac, and renal) damage. Not long ago indirect systolic blood pressure …

Epidemiological studies show an increased risk of CKD among dogs and cats with certain clinical and demographic characteristics, suggesting that risk factors for CKD exist in both species …

Persistent proteinuria with an inactive urine sediment is a marker of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in dogs and cats.¹ Recent evidence also suggests an association between renal proteinuria …

The IRIS Project Committee is currently working on three projects, two of which are guidelines

High muscle production of creatinine, especially in dog breeds with large muscle mass, such as boxers, greyhounds, sled dogs, etc. Reduction in extracellular fluid volume: dehydration may …

Some dogs and cats with IRIS CKD Stage 2 disease will be easily diagnosed because blood creatinine and SDMA are increased out of the laboratory reference range. However, additional …