CRISPR-Cas9基因编辑技术就是通过人工设计的 sgRNA（guide RNA）来识别目的基因组序列，并引导 Cas9 蛋白酶进行有效切割 DNA 双链，形成双链断裂，损伤后修复会造成基因敲除或敲入等，最终达到对基因组DNA 进行修饰的目的。

2024年4月17日 · Cas9（CRISPR-associated protein 9）是一种核酸酶，能够在特定的DNA序列上切割双链DNA。 在基因编辑中，研究人员设计了一个与目标DNA序列互补的单链RNA引导分子（sgRNA），将其与Cas9蛋白复合体一起导入目标细胞。

Clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/Cas9 is a gene-editing technology causing a major upheaval in biomedical research. It makes it possible to correct errors in the genome and turn on or off genes in cells and organisms quickly, cheaply and with relative ease.

The discovery of CRISPR–Cas9 as an immune system in prokaryotes at the turn of the 20th-21st centuries – a finding at first glance only relevant to microbiology – has led to a revolution in the field of genomic manipulations.

Guide RNA (gRNA) and CRISPR-associated (Cas-9) proteins are the two essential components in CRISPR/Cas-9 system. The mechanism of CRISPR/Cas-9 genome editing contains three steps, recognition, cleavage, and repair. The designed sgRNA recognizes the target sequence in the gene of interest through a complementary base pair.

2018年4月11日 · This interactive module explores how CRISPR-Cas9 technology works and the many ways in which scientists are using it in their research. Since it was first described in 2012, CRISPR-Cas9 (often shortened to “CRISPR”) has generated much interest and excitement.

2023年11月8日 · We will discuss Cas9 variants with improved efficacy and specificity, Cas9 S. pyogenes nickases and catalytically inactive Cas9 S. pyogenes (dCas9), Cas9-derived proteins such as base editors, prime editors, dCas9-based imaging tools, Cas9-based transcription repressors and activators, and Cas9-fusion proteins such as Cas-CLOVER and Cas-FokI.

CRISPR/Cas9 generates knockout cells or animals when co-expressed with a gRNA specific to the gene to be targeted. The purpose of gene knockout is to reveal gene function by disrupting its expression in the cell. A co-expressed, properly designed gRNA directs Cas9 to cleave a target sequence and generate a DSB in the gene of interest. ...

CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats)/Cas9 technology represents a significant improvement over these other next-generation genome editing tools, reaching a new level of targeting, efficiency, and ease of use. The CRISPR/Cas9 system allows for site-specific genomic targeting in virtually any organism.

This Review covers the origins and successes of CRISPR-based genome editing and discusses the most pressing challenges, which include improving editing accuracy and precision, implementing strategies for precise programmable genetic sequence insertions, improving targeted delivery of CRISPR editors, and increasing access and affordability.