The molar gas constant (also known as the gas constant, universal gas constant, or ideal gas constant) is denoted by the symbol R or R. It is the molar equivalent to the Boltzmann constant, expressed in units of energy per temperature increment per amount of substance, rather than energy per temperature increment per particle.

2025年2月28日 · R is a free software environment for statistical computing and graphics. It compiles and runs on a wide variety of UNIX platforms, Windows and MacOS. To download R, please choose your preferred CRAN mirror.

2021年2月11日 · The gas constant (R) is a proportionality constant used in the ideal gas law and Nernst equation. It’s also called the ideal gas constant, universal gas constant, or molar gas constant. Basically, the gas constant is the same as the Boltzmann constant (k), except the gas constant includes Avogadro’s number (N A): R = NA k

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The Centre for Computational and Animal Learning Research specializes in the development of formal and computational models of associative learning, a.k.a. reinforcement learning, and neural networks with an emphasis on their implementation in software simulators as essential tools in the cycle of theory formation and refinement.

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2020年2月19日 · CALR (calreticulin) gene mutations are associated with blood cancers called myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) that cause the production of too many blood cells. The CALR mutation test helps diagnose and classify MPNs.

Calreticulin is a multifunctional soluble protein that binds Ca 2+ ions (a second messenger in signal transduction), rendering them inactive. The Ca 2+ is bound with low affinity, but high capacity, and can be released on a signal (see inositol trisphosphate).

2021年4月23日 · R-Cal stands for ‘resistance calibration,’ and it is used to influence a known signal output from the pressure sensor, which with no pressure present is at rest. The signal can be measured in millivolts, milliamps, or volts and is scaled to exactly 80% of the full-scale value.

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