Heavy metal poisoning is a concern for CKDu, and seven studies reported the relationship of CKDu with heavy metal poisoning [29,31,32,35,36,37,38]. Urine beta-2 microglobulin (B 2 M), which is a known indicator of heavy metal poisoning of cadmium, arsenic, and lead [ 31 ], alpha1-microglobulin (A1M), and N-acetyl-B-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) are ...

This review summarizes four key areas which are CKDu and its general medical background, worldwide prevalence, suspected causative factors and potential circumventing steps to mitigate against CKDu.

The current accessibility to pipe-borne water is as low as 32% in the CKDu-endemic NCP, and it may take another two to three decades to attain full coverage by centralized schemes .

2024年11月11日 · Through a comprehensive literature review, we identified CKDu clusters worldwide, including notable nephropathies, and explored their potential links with organic compounds. Our analysis revealed that organic compounds can leach from sediments and low-rank lignite deposits into groundwater, subsequently contaminating water supplies and food.

2019年12月10日 · CKDu 通常表现为无症状的肾功能损害而没有相关的高血压或大量蛋白尿。 高尿酸血症和排尿困难在中美洲中很显著。 不同区域的组织学形式相似，显示为间质纤维化、肾小管萎缩和肾小球硬化，而没有免疫复合物或晶体沉积。

There is a mysterious epidemic of kidney disease called chronic kidney disease of unknown etiology (CKDu) that is occurring in many parts of the world. Unrelated to known risk factors such as diabetes and hypertension, CKDu mostly affects the young and middle-aged, with slight preponderance in males.

Chronic interstitial nephritis in agricultural communities (CINAC), also named CKD of unknown origin (CKDu) or Mesoamerican nephropathy (MeN), is defined as a form of CKD affecting young men and—less often—women. Its etiology is unrelated to diabetes, GN, hypertension, or other known causes of CKD.

2019年10月1日 · Chronic kidney disease of unknown etiology [CKDu] is a condition characterized by decline in kidney function and is not associated with diabetic nephropathy or...

CKDu differs from more common forms of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Specifically, CKDu is often asymptomatic in its early stages, and may manifest in patients in the absence of diabetes, hypertension, immune-mediated glomerulonephritis or

2024年11月12日 · The ISN i3C (CKDu) Network (International Consortium CKDu Collaborators) unites kidney health professionals across 9 ISN regions. With 91 studies featured on the ISN Observatory of CKDu, the network aims to improve global understanding of CKDu and consolidate resources and insights. Access the ISN’s resources on CKDu