Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) is a dynamic, non-invasive assessment of the cardiopulmonary system at rest and during exercise. The objective of CPET is to determine functional capacity in an individual.

Breathing Reserve (BR= MVV-VE max) ; Normally is >15 L/min. b. Dead space (VD/VT) ; normally is 1/3 of a breath at rest, decreasing to 1/5 of a breath with exercise. c. A-a gradient; PaO2 and P(A-a)O2; normally PaO2 does not decrease with exercise but A-a gradient widens (PAO2 goes up.)

Jun 28, 2010 · The maximum voluntary ventilation (MVV) can be calculated either directly from a 12- or 15-second maneuver of deep and rapid breathing as the corresponding minute volume or indirectly as FEV 1 ×40.

Dec 27, 2022 · 心肺运动试验 (CPET)是一种可以使研究者同时观察患者的心血管系统和呼吸系统对同一种运动应激的反应情况的临床试验。 因为，呼吸道的气体交换与循环相关联，可以同时反映心排血量、肺血流以及外周O2的摄取，所以同时监测呼吸与循环是可行的。 心脏联合循环系统与肺部的气体交换 (O2和CO2)及肌肉呼吸等相匹配。 在给定负荷的运动中，心血管系统输送氧气情况可以用肺部的气体交换来描述。 心肺运动试验中，在监测气体交换的同时，也监测心电图、 …

Introduction: Maximum voluntary ventilation (MVV), a surrogate marker of maximum ventilatory capacity, allows for measuring ventilatory reserve during cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET), which is necessary to assess ventilatory limitation. MVV can be measured directly during a patient maneuver or indirectly by calculating from forced ...

Apr 16, 2021 · 心肺运动试验（cpet）是指通过测量气道内的气体交换而同步评估心血管系统和呼吸系统对同一运动应激的反应情况。它监测患者从平静到极限运动以及运动后恢复状态下连续气体交换、血压、心电、血氧饱和度等指标的变化，强调气体交换在运动时心肺功能的 ...

Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) measures physiologic parameters during exercise which can enable accurate identification of the cause of dyspnea. Though CPET has been around for decades and provides valuable and pertinent physiologic information on the integrated cardiopulmonary responses to exercise, it remains underutilized.

Breathing reserve (VE/MVV): represents the ratio between maximal ventilation during exercise (VE) and maximum voluntary ventilation (MVV) at rest, both variables in L/min. Equations to predict MVV can be used (forced expiratory volume in the first second - FEV 1 x 40), although it can be measured directly on pre-test spirometry. Normal values ...

Mar 7, 2025 · 心肺运动试验（CPET）是综合评估多系统功能的检测法，基于外呼吸与细胞呼吸耦联原理。 介绍其指标、标准化流程，含风险、知情、准备等，明确终止标准及质量控制要点。 1.CPET的基本概念[1] 心肺运动试验（CPET）是一种通过逐步增加运动负荷，综合评估人体多系统功能的检测方法。 测试过程中，通过监测受试者在静息、运动及恢复阶段的耗氧量（VO2）、二氧化碳排出量（VCO2）、通气量（VE）以及血压、血氧饱和度和心电图等指标，全面反映呼 …

· Maximum Voluntary Ventilation (MVV) is usually about 40x FEV1. Essentially what the patient is able to reach during exercise · Maximum Minute Ventilation (Ve max) = Peak RR x Peak TV