Defined daily doses (DDD) are used for the measurement of drug utilisation. The aim of the study was to analyse whether differences between DDD and prescribed daily doses (PDD) exist for relevant drug classes such as antihypertensive drugs and, if so, whether they primarily depend on drug classes or patient-related factors.

The DDD is not to be confused with the therapeutic dose or prescribed daily dose (PDD), or recorded daily dose (RDD), and will often be different to the dose actually prescribed by a physician for an individual person.

The prescribed daily dose (PDD) is defined as the average dose prescribed according to a representative sample of prescriptions. The PDD can be determined from studies of prescriptions, medical or pharmacy records, and it is important to relate …

The aim of the study was to analyse whether differences between DDD and prescribed daily doses (PDD) exist for relevant drug classes such as antihypertensive drugs and, if so, whether they primarily depend on drug classes or patient-related factors.

PDD differed from DDD in varying degrees. For ACE inhibitors, PDD ranged between 1.5 DDD (for captopril) and 3.5 (for ramipril). The PDD for beta antagonists were on average 0.9 DDD, similar for bisoprolol (0.8 DDD) and metoprolol (0.9 DDD). As for oral antidiabetics, doctors prescribed 1.0 DDD glibenclamid per day and patient and 2.0 DDD ...

However, discrepancies exist between DDD and actual prescribed daily dose (PDD). The present study aims at estimating an alternative PDD (PDD-proxy) to calculate rates of systemic antibiotic consumption and to compare these results with those obtained using DDD.

用pdd计算总体抗生素消耗与ddd计算有哪些差异呢？ 2014年10月，发表在《Infection》上的一项研究显示，使用DDD来比较保健信托基金组织（HT）抗生素消耗可能会人为的增加观察到的差异，影响了真正的HT排序。

2021年3月17日 · The DDD is not to be confused with the prescribed daily dose (PDD) which is defined as the average dose prescribed according to a representative sample of prescriptions. It is important to take into account the condition for which the dose was prescribed.

2011年3月10日 · According to the aims of our study, we compared PDD and DDD (expressed as ratios), with a special focus on drug combinations and drug change, since these events should help us to better discriminate between patient-related and drug-related reasons for differences between DDD and PDD.

2006年3月27日 · Although there was no difference between the DDD and the PDD of parenteral ciprofloxacin for the whole hospital (ratio = 1.01), a difference was observed when the intensive care units were considered separately (ratio = 1.28). Kern et al. have reported even larger differences for fluoroquinolones in haematology-oncology wards . This stresses ...