Dhimmitude is a neologism characterizing the status of non-Muslims under Muslim rule, popularized by the Egyptian-born British writer Bat Ye'or in the 1980s and 1990s. It is constructed from the Arabic dhimmi, "non-Muslim living in an Islamic state". Akbarzadeh and Roose suggest that Ye'or equates Dhimmitude with servitude. [1]

Dhimmitude encompasses the relationship of Muslims and non-Muslims at the theological, social, political and economical levels. It also incorporates the relationship between the numerous ethno-religious dhimmi groups and the type of mentality that they have developed out of their particular historical condition which lasted for centuries, even ...

Dhimmī (Arabic: ذمي ḏimmī, IPA: [ˈðimmiː], collectively أهل الذمة ʾahl aḏ-ḏimmah/dhimmah "the people of the covenant") or muʿāhid (معاهد) is a historical [1] term for non-Muslims living in an Islamic state with legal protection. [1][2]: 470 The word literally means "protected person", [3] referring to the state's obligation under sharia to prote...

A dhimmi ([ðimi]; Arabic: ذمي, meaning "protected person") refers to specific individuals living in Muslim lands, who were granted special status and safety in Islamic law in return for paying the capital tax.

Dhimmitude covers more than a millennium of Christian and Jewish history, as well as of other groups. It is a comprehensive civilization encompassing customs, legislation, social behavior. Numerous laws were enacted over the centuries by the Muslim authorities, to …

Dhimmitude has two aspects: one formed by the body of relationships with non-Muslims, contracted at the historical, social, theological, and juridical levels of the Muslim world; the other is determined by the varied reactions of the dhimmi peoples.

Dhimmitude is the Islamic system of governing populations conquered by holy (jihād) wars, encompassing all of the demographic, ethnic, and religious aspects of the political system. The word "dhimmitude" as a historical concept describes the legal and social conditions of Jews and Christians subjected to Islamic rule.

2013年2月8日 · The term “dhimmitude” originally referred to the second-class status of non-Muslims living in any Muslim-majority country whose laws officially favor Islamic norms and practices. Religious minorities, such as Christian and Jews, may be tolerated in such a country, but they are also discriminated against.

2024年12月5日 · The concept of dhimmitude in Islamic communities reflects a strong commitment to tolerance, coexistence, and the protection of minority rights. Rooted in the teachings of the Qur'an and the practices of Prophet Muhammad, it promotes harmonious relationships between different religious groups.

2018年11月30日 · Those in the third category were governed by a set of laws known as a pact, or dhimma in Arabic, and were called collectively ahl al-dhimma —literally “People of the Pact”—or just dhimmis.