在ERAD过程中，待降解的底物（分三种：ERAD-L (lumen)、ERAD-M (membrane)和ERAD-C (cytosol)）通过E3连接酶标记上泛素，之后，通过特定的运输机制运回到细胞质中，然后，被细胞质26S蛋白酶体所降解。

2023年8月1日 · Not surprisingly, ER-membrane-embedded ubiquitin ligases (ER-E3s) act as central hubs for each of these separate ERAD disposal routes. In these processes, ER-E3s...

2021年8月31日 · Endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD) is known to regulate plant responses to diverse stresses, yet its underlying molecular mechanisms and links to various stress signaling pathways are poorly understood. Here, we show that the ERAD component ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme UBC32 positiv …

2008年11月12日 · Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-associated degradation (ERAD) is a secretory protein quality control process that results in the removal of aberrant proteins from the ER.

2024年3月1日 · Recent research reveals the critical roles of endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-associated protein degradation (ERAD)-related ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme AtUBC32 orthologs and their partnering E3 ligases, which play dual roles in …

2016年8月3日 · Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-associated degradation (ERAD) is a mechanism by which unfolded proteins that accumulate in the ER are transported to the cytosol for...

2020年7月28日 · We present the various ERAD components involved in the ubiquitination process including the different E2 conjugating enzymes, E3 ligases, and E4 factors. The resulting K48-linked and K11-linked ubiquitin chains do not only represent a signal for degradation by the proteasome but are also recognized by the AAA+ ATPase Cdc48 and get in the ...

2021年5月20日 · Here, we propose a working model for how the ERAD ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme UBC32 and the RING-type E3 ligase Rma1 function together to regulate plant drought stress responses by modifying the stability of two aquaporin proteins: PIP2;1 and PIP2;2. Drought stress induces the expression of both UBC32 and Rma1 (Lee et al., 2009; Cui et al ...

2021年6月17日 · A major component of the ERAD machinery are the membrane-integral E3 ubiquitin ligases, which in concert with the cytoplasmic E1 ubiquitin-activating and E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes target ERAD substrates for proteasomal degradation.

Recent research reveals the critical roles of endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-associated protein degradation (ERAD)-related ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme AtUBC32 orthologs and their partnering E3 ligases, which play dual roles in enhancing both crop yield and stress resistance.