2020年6月2日 · In external radiotherapy (RT), the use of flattening filter-free (FFF) radiation beams obtained by removing the flattening filter (FF) in standard linear accelerators is rapidly increasing, and...

2017年6月1日 · Beam characteristics of FF (Flattening Filter) and FFF (Flattening-Filter-Free) beams were analyzed for smaller field sizes and compared with magna-field sizes.

2025年1月15日 · This study aimed to evaluate the dosimetric and clinical outcomes of flattening filter (FF) versus flattening filter-free (FFF) beams in head and neck cancer (HNC) patients treated with volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT).

2004年12月3日 · FFg has the largest kernels and stops at a larger mesh size in the grading process. They all come out of the same mixer, dryer and hopper. The difference is in the amount of surface area contained in a sample volume.

2017年7月1日 · This work aims to compare and evaluate the dosimetric properties of 6 MV flattening (FF) and flattening filter free (FFF) photon beams which generated from a Varian 2100 medical accelerator. These properties include percentage depth dose, dose rate, beam profile, out-of-field, energy spectra, scatter factor, and surface dose.

2011年8月6日 · As you say, FFF is faster burning than FF. FFF also produces higher chamber pressures, although the subsonic flame front of black powder may limit this effect. With round ball, I would say it's a matter of which gives the best accuracy. With a 395 conical, pressure becomes more significant.

2023年12月1日 · In a cohort of 10 left sided breast cancer patients, VMAT treatment plans were able to be generated using both FF and FFF treatment modalities which met the dosimetric constraints established in the FAST-Forward trial, a study which demonstrated the efficacy and safety of a hypofractionated treatment approach.

2020年4月12日 · Today I mainly wanted to discuss which black powder size you should use for each application. The size of the black powder particles is shown by the rating of 1F, 2F, 3F or 4F. This is also sometimes show at F, FF, FFF or FFFF. The more Fs the finer the powder particles are. Notice the chart below:

To evaluate and investigate the feasibility of flattening filter‐free (FFF) beam for the whole‐brain radiotherapy (WBRT) with hippocampus sparing. Eighteen patients with volumetric‐modulated arc therapy (VMAT) plans in FFF and conventional beam ...

Many studies have confirmed improvement in delivery efficiency by removing the FF, also known as flattening filter free (FFF), especially for small field stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT); but it is unclear if large treatment fields still favor the FFF beam.