The free surface effect is a mechanism which can cause a watercraft to become unstable and capsize. [1]

2017年4月11日 · Because of this effect, the centre of gravity of the ship moves away from the centreline, which reduces the righting lever ‘GZ’ & the height of the metacentre, which further increases the angle of heel. This effect is known as the free surface effect.

Free flow (Sluice) valves on tankers allow opposing tanks to be cross-connected. When large, partially filled tanks are connected, Free Surface Effect increases, and the vessel becomes less stable.

2020年1月7日 · What is free surface effect and what is its impact on the ships stability when the ship is listed? If a tank is completely filled with the liquid, the liquid cannot move and acts as a static weight. So, the centre of gravity of the ship remains unchanged.

2025年2月9日 · When calculating the GM of a ship it is important that the effects of free surfaces in slack tanks are considered. The loss of GZ will be greater as the number of slack tanks increases, i.e. the cumulative effect of all slack tanks must be accounted for.

The reduction of stability caused by the liquids in slack tanks is known as free-surface effect. This adverse effect on the stability is referred to as a “loss in GM” or as a “virtual rise in vertical centre of gravity KG” and is calculated as follows:

The free surface effect is one phenomenon that is driven by gravity and should be accounted for when designing watercraft. The goal is to ensure craft can remain stable and will not capsize should they begin to roll.

free surface effect Liquid that only partially fills a compartment is said to have a free surface that tends to remain horizontal (parallel to the waterline). When the ship is inclined, the liquid flows to the lower side (in the direction of inclination), increasing the inclining moment.

Free surface moment (FSM) is one of the most frequently misunderstood elements in ship operation. The deck officer that values their life wants to understand free surface moment. The physics behind it, and how it applies to ship operating limits.

2024年4月30日 · Explore the Free Surface Effect: Understand its Impact, Formulas, and Strategies for Mitigation. Enhance Ship Stability.