The green fluorescent protein (GFP) is a protein that exhibits green fluorescence when exposed to light in the blue to ultraviolet range. [2][3] The label GFP traditionally refers to the protein first isolated from the jellyfish Aequorea victoria and is sometimes called avGFP.

This bioluminescence emits light whose wavelengths fall into the green region of the visible light spectrum, so the glow takes on a bright green color – a striking contrast from the darker, duller colors of the seascape. But where does GFP come from, and how does it cause such distinctive hues in an otherwise ordinary creature? The Origins of GFP

Fluorescent proteins emitting in the blue region of the visible light spectrum (approximately 440 to 470 nanometers) were first obtained from site-directed mutagenesis efforts targeted at the tyrosine amino acid residue at position 66 in the GFP chromophore (see Figure 2).

GFP and the other FPs are all inherently fluorescent proteins. Osamu Shimomura was able to purify GFP from the jellyfish Aequorea victoria and demonstrated the protein emitted bright green fluorescence when illuminated with ultraviolet light (Figure 1A) [12].

1996年2月1日 · At least three different colors of GFP mutants can now be cleanly distinguished from each other under the microscope, using appropriate filter sets. A fusion protein consisting of linked blue- and green-fluorescent proteins exhibits fluorescence resonance energy transfer, which is disrupted by proteolytic cleavage of the linker between the two ...

This review is an attempt to characterize the main color groups of GFP-like proteins, describe their structure and mechanisms of chromophore formation, systemize data on their conformational stability and summarize the main trends of their utilization as markers and biosensors in cell and molecular biology.

GFP is amazingly useful for studying living cells, and scientists are making it even more useful. They are engineering GFP molecules that fluoresce different colors. Scientists can now make blue fluorescent proteins, and yellow fluorescent proteins, and a host of others.

Therefore, we report the development and characterization of fast folder and thermo-tolerant green variant (FF-GFP), and a fast folder thermostable yellow fluorescent protein (FFTS-YFP) endowed with remarkably improved thermostability and folding kinetics.

The color palette has expanded to blue, cyan, and yellow variants of GFP, and a whole palette of red-shifted colors developed from the coral-derived dsRed, which, also required significant development of mutations to produce a more useful monomer (mRFP) …

Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP) GFP is found in a jellyfish that lives in the cold waters of the north Pacific. The jellyfish contains a bioluminescent protein–aequorin–that emits blue light. GFP converts it to green light which we see when the jellyfish lights up. The GFP shown here and used as a base for paper model is from PDB structure ...