Purpose of review: This review aims at presenting new concepts of glucose-induced damage in diabetes via an increased production of oxygen free radicals. Recent findings: Reactive oxygen species modulate various biological functions by stimulating transduction signals, some of which are involved in diabetes pathogenesis and complications.

Interplay between ROS and glucose. a Glucose uptake can be regulated by: (1) altering the expression level of glucose transporters (GLUTs; blue), (2) stimulating translocation of GLUTs from internal vesicles to the plasma membrane and (3) changing the intrinsic activity of GLUTs at the plasma membrane. b Glycolytic conversion of glucose into ...

2018年1月25日 · Acute or chronic high glucose in diabetes increases the production of ROS and activates apoptosis in the β-cells 15.

2021年4月26日 · This review aims to clarify the role of ROS in regulating glucose metabolism (glucose uptake, glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, glycogen synthesis, glycogenolysis, pentose phosphate pathway).

Extracellular Ca2+ is necessary for the reactive oxygen species (ROS) increase in high-glucose conditions. H9c2 cells incubated in the presence (B and D) and absence (A and C) of EGTA were subjected to the high-glucose stimulation.

2022年1月24日 · The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of high glucose concentrations on reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and Nrf2 expression levels in rat MC.

2020年1月15日 · Here we study the elevated level of ROS provoked by high glucose (HG) environment triggered mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammatory response and apoptosis via stress signalling pathway in keratinocytes.

This review summarizes the key factors linking the diverse glucose metabolic routes enhanced in hyperglycemia with ROS formation and vice versa, emphasizing the role of the major transcription factors involved in the desirable balance between pro-oxidant and antioxidant proteins.

2000年9月1日 · High glucose (HG) generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) as a result of glucose auto-oxidation, metabolism, and formation of advanced glycosylation end products. The concept of ROS-induced tissue injury has recently been revised with the appreciation of new roles for ROS in signaling pathways and gene expression.

The high circulating glucose concentrations characteristic of diabetes induce the excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which triggers mitochondrial fragmentation.