The human leukocyte antigen (HLA) system is a complex of genes on chromosome 6 in humans that encode cell-surface proteins responsible for regulation of the immune system. [1] The HLA system is also known as the human version of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) found in many animals.

The human major histocompatibility complex HLA is located on the short arm of chromosome 6. It is known to be the most polymorphic genetic system in humans. The biological role of the HLA class I and class II molecules is to present processed peptide antigens. The HLA system is clinically important as transplantation antigens.

2013年7月18日 · The Major Histocompatibility complex (MHC) system known as the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) in humans is located on the short arm of chromosome 6 (6p21.3) and contains the most polymorphic gene cluster of the entire human genome.

HLA molecules are cell surface glycoproteins whose primary function is to present endogenous and exogenous antigens to T lymphocytes for recognition and response [2]. The HLA molecules that present antigen to T lymphocytes are divided into two main classes: HLA class I and HLA class II molecules.

2023年4月24日 · Class I HLA antigens include HLA-A, B, and C molecules; class II, which includes HLA-DR, -DQ, and -DP loci, are on antigen-presenting cells; and class III contains genes for proteins that have immune functionality.

The human leukocyte antigen (HLA) system (the major histocompatibility complex [MHC] in humans) is an important part of the immune system and is controlled by genes located on chromosome 6. It encodes cell surface molecules specialized to present antigenic peptides to the T-cell receptor (TCR) on T cells. (See also Overview of the Immune System.)

2023年8月14日 · Classical HLA Class II genes (HLA-DR,-DQ, -DP) express on antigen presenting cells such as B- cells, activated T cells, dendritic cells, macrophages, and epithelial cells of thymic gland. If interferon is present, other types of cells can also express class II HLA molecules. The primary function is the distinction of self from non-self.

Leukocyte cell-surface HLA-I molecules, involved in antigen presentation of peptides to CD8+ T-cells, consist of a heavy chain (HC) non-covalently linked to β2-microglobulin (β2m) (Face-1). The HC amino acid composition varies across all six isoforms of HLA-I, …

2024年9月1日 · Complete and precise HLA matching of donors for allogeneic hematopoietic-cell transplantation (HCT) is used to lower the risks of graft rejection and graft-versus-host disease (GVHD); however, many patients lack compatible donors, …

2018年1月2日 · Here, we review our current understanding of HLA molecules as the fundamental platform for immune surveillance and responsiveness in health and disease. We evaluate the scope for personalized...