Hakka (Chinese: 客家话; pinyin: Kèjiāhuà; Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: Hak-kâ-va / Hak-kâ-fa, Chinese: 客家语; pinyin: Kèjiāyǔ; Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: Hak-kâ-ngî) forms a language group of varieties of Chinese, spoken natively by the Hakka people in parts of Southern China, Taiwan, some diaspora areas of Southeast Asia and in overseas Chinese communities around the world.

For the majority of Hakka speakers, there are six tones, which are classed traditionally as YinPing 陰 平 , YangPing 陽 平 , ShangSheng 上 聲 , QuSheng 去 聲 , YinRu 陰 入 and YangRu 陽 入 .

Hakka Tones. It is important in all Chinese languages to use the correct tone (pitch of voice), so as to distinguish between different words that are otherwise pronounced the same e.g. fu(1) and fu(2). Below is a chart showing approximate Hakka tones:

An arbitary scale of 1 through to 5 tone levels is used as a reference to the amount of change in pitch that a sound undertakes. The pitch variation is enclosed by two forward slanting slashes //. The first number is the initial tone level that starts of the tone, and the last number is the final tone level that ends the tone.

Most Hakka dialects have six tones. The Shatoujiao Hakka in this site also has six tones. There are two type of tones, legato, and staccato. Hakka legato tones end in vowels, or nasal endings of the types /-m/, /-n/ or /-ng/. Hakka staccato tones are abrupt in quality, and associated by an occlusive ending of the types, /-p/, /-t/ or /-k ...

The Hakka tone system as spoken in Bangkok, Thailand, is divided into four tones on live syllables, i.e., open syllables or syllables closed with a sonorant and two tones on dead syllables, i.e., syllables closed with an obstruent.

Hakka tones in Yuan’s study (1960) was used as reference and the six citation tones are [44, 11, 52, 31, 5, 1]. This study is an acoustic analysis of the six citation tones in Meixian Hakka. The main purpose of this study is to investigate the F0 values and F0 contour of each of the six

Hakka Tones I Shatoujiao Hakka forms the basis of discussion for readings of characters of the same tone, the total number of percieved tones, and tone sandhi, with Real Audio sound clip samples. Tone Contours for Hakka as reported by many researchers (derived from Hashimoto and other sources), listed by area.

annotation system for Taiwan Hakka, “Taiwan Hakka Tones and Break Indices” is called TWHK_ToBI. TWHK_ToBI includes five tiers: ortho, words, tones, breaks, and miscellaneous. The ortho tier contains Romanization of each syllable and dictionary-defined tones; the words tier includes alphabetized SAMPA spellings of

outperformed native speakers of nontonal English when learning Hakka Chinese tones following five sessions of tone training, and whether the complexity (i.e., density) of a listener’s native tone inventory facilitated nonnative tone learning. All groups improved in tone