In population genetics, the Hardy–Weinberg principle, also known as the Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium, model, theorem, or law, states that allele and genotype frequencies in a population will remain constant from generation to generation in the absence of other evolutionary influences.

If the frequency of the genes is high enough in the newly migrated land to start a new species, the migrated individuals become the founder species, and the effect is called the founder effect. Thus, all these mechanisms contribute to the process of evolution.

The Hardy-Weinberg Law is a fundamental principle in population genetics that provides a mathematical framework to study genetic variation in a population. It. ... (founder effect) or if a large population undergoes a drastic reduction due to a disaster (bottleneck effect), genetic drift alters allele frequencies. ...

The Hardy-Weinberg principle gives scientists a mathematical baseline of a non-evolving population to which they can compare evolving populations. If scientists record allele frequencies over time and then calculate the expected frequencies based on Hardy-Weinberg values, the scientists can hypothesize the mechanisms driving the population’s ...

The Hardy-Weinberg principle assumes random mating: mate selection without regard to genotype. Non-random mating means that mate selection is influenced by phenotypic differences based on underlying genotypic differences.