2013年9月12日 · Focusing on one of the most widely used ChR2 mutants (H134R) with enhanced current, we collected a comprehensive experimental data set of the response of this ion channel to different irradiances and voltages, and used these data to develop a model of ChR2 with empirically-derived voltage- and irradiance- dependence, where parameters were fine-t...

2019年10月14日 · ChRger2 enables light-induced neuronal excitation without fiber-optic implantation; that is, this opsin enables transcranial optogenetics. ChRs are light-gated ion channels found in photosynthetic...

2024年9月1日 · We demonstrated that the DC pair mutations, including D156H, D156C, and C128T, are attributed to the tail current. The tail current of D156H-T159S ChR2 is related to the holding voltage and light intensity. However, the presence of the tail current in ChR2 variants expressed in oocytes, or HEK 239 T cells, varies across studies.

2018年2月12日 · In HEK293 cells stably expressing ChR2, photocurrents were elicited at stimuli of 400–550 nm, and the wavelength sensitivity range was expanded by the additional transduction of the modified Volvox channelrhodopsin-1 (mVChR1) gene, which has broad wavelength sensitivities, ranging from 400 to 600 nm.

2019年3月15日 · We developed an automated, time-resolved screening method capable of rapidly phenotyping channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2) variants. We found substitution mutations throughout ChR2 that could boost current while altering ion selectivity and observed that the mutations that reduced calcium or proton conductance have additive effects.

2010年9月19日 · We used whole-cell patch-clamp recordings from HEK 293 cells transfected with a plasmid encoding GFP-tagged mutant of ChR2 (ChR2(H134R)-GFP) to measure ionic currents through ChR2 channels...

2008年10月15日 · ChR2 expression was identified by YFP imaging of HEK cells not incubated with ATR (Fig. 1 a) using a 514 nm Ar-ion laser beam. Changes in intracellular Ca 2+ levels after single-/two-photon microbeam illumination were monitored using the Ca 2+ -sensitive dye Ca orange that was excited with a 543 nm He-Ne laser beam.

2017年1月23日 · To investigate the effect on visual function of dual expression of genes with different wavelength sensitivities, we transduced a modified Volvox -derived channelrhodopsin gene (mVChR1) via an adeno-associated virus vector into transgenic rats harbouring the ChR2 gene in retinal ganglion cells.

2010年3月3日 · Here, we show that for channelrhodopsin-2 expressed in Xenopus oocytes and HEK cells, the two open states have different ion selectivities that cause changes in the channelrhodopsin-2 reversal voltage during a light pulse.

2014年9月8日 · Channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2) is a microbial-type rhodopsin that can be genetically expressed to depolarize neurons with light. Thereby, this “optogenetic tool” delivers cellular specificity and elegant options for studying the neuronal basis of behavior in intact organisms.