2023年10月23日 · The overexpression of retrovirus-like cytosolic HERV double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) and dsRNA may agonize the intracellular nucleic acid receptors cyclic GMP–AMP synthase (cGAS), Toll-like...

2023年2月2日 · Transfection of full-length HERV-K, HERV RNA and dsRNA in cultured kidney tubule cells lead to the activation of RLRs (RIG-I and MDA5) and STING, while no change was observed in TLRs levels.

Chiappinelli et al. demonstrated that DNMTi treatment with 5-azacytidine (Aza) or 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine (Dac) induces significant HERV upregulation in multiple cell types, resulting in dsRNA accumulation and dsRNA sensing pathway activation .

2024年5月22日 · For example, HERV expression activation has been hypothesized to promote the formation of double stranded RNA (dsRNA), which can activate antisense RNA (asRNA) pathways to target gene...

2023年10月4日 · HERV dsRNA is recognized by both RIG-I and MDA5, which then activate the type I IFN response via MAVS . Furthermore, the DNA from the reverse transcription of retroviruses can be detected by cyclic GMP–AMP synthase (cGAS) to trigger the stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway and type I IFN responses [ 71 ].

2021年5月4日，来自德国慕尼黑亥姆霍尔兹中心的Michelle Vincendeau研究组在Cell Stem Cell杂志上发表题为Activation of HERV-K(HML-2) disrupts cortical patterning and neuronal differentiation by increasing NTRK3的文章，利用CRISPR为基础的手段揭开了HERV-K（HML-2）对于神经分化过程的影响。

2022年11月3日 · We systematically identify 13,889 expressed HERVs across normal body sites and demonstrate that they are expressed in body site-specific patterns and also by sex, ethnicity, and age. Analyzing cis -ERV-related quantitative trait loci, we find that 5435 hervRNAs are regulated by genetic variants.

Inside the cell, the expression of HERV antisense transcripts has been proposed to confer protection against infections through the complementary interaction with homologous RNA sequences originated by exogenous retroviruses' expression, forming dsRNA molecules that can be recognized as PAMPs by human PRRs (26, 72) (Figure 4).

2018年11月1日 · DNA methyltransferase inhibitors (DNMTis) alleviate the epigenetic repression of human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) by removing DNA methylation, causing HERV double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) to activate innate immune pathway mimicking viral infections resulting in secretion of interferons (IFN).

2022年3月26日 · Radiation-induced HERV-related dsRNA transcription and subsequent activation of the innate antiviral MDA5/MAVS/TBK1 pathway led to the transcription of downstream IFN-stimulated genes. 54 HERV has also been reported to be involved in …