The Biological Roles of Urea: A Review of Preclinical Studies
Tubular processes are mainly controlled by local factors such as starling forces and glomerulotubular balance. Tubular processes are also controlled by a central mechanism, that is, hormones such as vasopressin, aldosterone, natriuretic peptides, angiotensin II, parathyroid hormone, and sympathetic nervous system. Urine is about 95% water and 5 ...
Influence of pancreatic hormones on enzymes concerned with urea ...
The activities of enzymes of the urea cycle [carbamoyl phosphate synthetase, ornithine transcarbamoylase, argininosuccinate synthetase, argininosuccinase (these last two comprising the arginine-synthetase system) and arginase] have been measured in control, alloxan-diabetic and glucagon-treated rats.
Regulation of Renal Urea Transport by Vasopressin - PMC
Vasopressin (anti-diuretic hormone) is the key hormone regulating the production of concentrated urine. Vasopressin rapidly increases water and urea transport in the terminal inner medullary collecting duct (IMCD).
Effect of thyroid hormones on urea biosynthesis and related
Our results suggest that there may be more endogenous proteolysis in hypothyroidism which would increase ammonia production, the ammonia being used primarily for urea biosynthesis and, to a lesser extent, for glutamate and aspartate synthesis.
Urea biosynthesis II. Normal and abnormal regulation
1978年1月1日 · Ontogeny of the urea cycle is affected by thyroid hormones in the amphibian and mammalian fetus, and by adrenal steroids in the neonate. In the adult, rates of protein delivery to the liver appear important in regulation while hormones have been shown to …
Molecular regulation of urea cycle function by the liver glucocorticoid …
2015年7月30日 · Combined liver-specific GR loss-of-function with DEX treatment revealed a tissue-autonomous role for the GR to coordinate an upregulation of liver urea production rate in vivo and ex vivo, and prevent hyperammonaemia and …
Effects of insulin and glucose on urea synthesis in normal man
We investigated the inhibitory effect of insulin and glucose on hepatic amino- to urea-nitrogen conversion independent of endogenous insulin and glucagon secretion.
Urea biosynthesis is susceptible to regulation by hormones. Insulin decreases the capacity for urea synthesis [69]. In insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, the generation of urea in rat liver is elevated through upregulation of CPS-1 and OTC, causing negative nitrogen balance [88]. When cultured hepatocytes are
Urea and Ammonia Metabolism and the Control of Renal …
Renal nitrogen metabolism primarily involves urea and ammonia metabolism, and is essential to normal health. Urea is the largest circulating pool of nitrogen, excluding nitrogen in circulating proteins, and its production changes in parallel to the degradation of …
The urea cycle: Teaching intermediary metabolism in a ... - IUBMB
2006年11月3日 · Minor stimulatory roles are played by thyroid hormones, growth hormone, and adrenergic hormones. Insulin has been suggested to down-regulate expression, but the quantitative importance of any such effect in vivo is not known.