A crook, also sometimes called a shank, is an exchangeable segment of tubing in a natural horn (or other brass instrument, such as a natural trumpet) which is used to change the length of the pipe, altering the fundamental pitch and harmonic series which the instrument can sound, and thus the key in which it plays.

Before the advent of the modern valved horn, many ideas were attempted to speed up the process of changing the key of the instrument. Crooks were in common use by 1740. [3] Changing the position of the hand in the bell; this is called hand-stopping. The effect is a pitch that lowers the harmonic, but dampens the sound.

2012年2月18日 · Horns with crooks, pieces of tubing that were inserted between the mouthpiece and the body of the horn and allowed the instrument to be pitched into several different keys, were first constructed no later than 1703, implying that more was required of the horn player by this time than simple hunting fanfares.

2012年2月25日 · This design features terminal crooks, which lie between the mouthpiece and the body of the horn, and can be made in various lengths to place the horn into keys as high as C alto and as low as B-flat basso.

The natural horn is the valveless forefather of the modern valved horn. The fundamental can be changed by employing interchangeable crooks of various lengths. Once the horn has been thus placed in its "key," the only pitches available are those of its harmonic series, although intonation may be adjusted by the right hand placement.

A Brief History of Horn Evolution 2. Crooks and Hand Horns. Beginning with the cor de chasse (French for hunting horn), the horn began its evolution into a refined concert hall instrument. From early beginnings in stage settings depicting the hunt, Baroque composers began writing more complex and artistic music for this horn.

2023年4月22日 · It just takes a bit of math to work out the approximate length of crooks and couplers in relation to each other. The body of the horn being another element to measure — the total length of a crook and the body of the horn would be approximately the number in the chart above. Relationships

2023年12月17日 · Those two things came together this fall, and I used the lathe to modify a tenon from a Chinese natural horn crook, seen below in process. Besides disassembly of the crook, I also had to open up the bend of the parts.

baroque, classical, and romantic period horns. Corno da Capo by Richard Seraphinoff - A historical novel for horn players is now available from Amazon.com!

Classical horn crook combinations for A=440, 430, and 415 With the full set of crooks, couplers, and long tuning slide offered with the Halari and Courtois classical horns, it is possible to play in all of the necessary keys at three pitch levels - A=440, 430, and 415.