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2020年8月30日 · Ventriculostomy catheters and external ventricular drains (EVDs) are a diagnostic and therapeutic intervention often used in the neuroICU. This ICU OnePager explains how EVDs work and how to interpret intracranial pressure (ICP) waveforms. Current version 1.1 (originally posted 2020-08-30, updated 2021-01-25). Also available in 🇪🇸Spanish (JPEG)

An EVD is a flexible plastic catheter placed by a neurosurgeon or neurointensivist and managed by intensive care unit (ICU) physicians and nurses. The purpose of external ventricular drainage is to divert fluid from the ventricles of the brain and allow for monitoring of intracranial pressure.

Insertion of an External Ventricular Drain (EVD) is arguably one of the most common and important lifesaving procedures in neurologic intensive care unit. Various forms of acute brain injury benefit from the continuous intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) diversion provided by an EVD.

The incidence of sepsis in intensive care units (ICUs) internationally has been shown to be as high as 51% with 71% of patients receiving an antibacterial during their ICU stay. 1 With persisting high mortality and morbidity rates, optimal antimicrobial therapy needs therefore to be a …

2014年11月20日 · Specific pathologies leading to increased Vd include advanced liver disease, mediastinitis, pleural effusion, and major burn injury. Advanced liver cirrhosis may lead to an increase in extracellular compartment fluid and therefore Vd of hydrophilic antimicrobials through ascites formation and plasma expansion [40], [41].

2019年4月25日 · 对于糖肽类，总体重（total body weight，TBW）是最准确的 Vd 和清除率预测指标。对于β内酰胺，缺乏共识，但是使用瘦体重（lean body weight，LBW）描述 Vd，使用肌酐清除率描述药物清除是貌似合理的指标。

2025年2月1日 · VAP is a major ICU concern, responsible for over half of antibiotic use in mechanically ventilated patients. The rise of antimicrobial-resistant (AMR) pathogens complicates treatment, making it essential to understand local resistance patterns to guide effective therapy.

2006年12月13日 · In the ICU patients, higher Vd (nearly twice the quoted value of 0.72 l/kg) and different vancomycin clearance–creatinine clearance relationship were found. Renal function, the APACHE score, age and serum albumin accounted for more than 65% of …

2018年4月4日 · Beta-lactam antibiotics (penicillins, cephalosporins, and carbapenems) are routinely used to treat serious infections in critically ill patients managed in the intensive care unit (ICU). All beta-lactams exhibit time-dependent bactericidal activity, which is determined by the free drug concentration time above the minimum inhibitory ...