Investor-owned utilities (IOUs) are private enterprises [1] acting as public utilities. ^ "Differences Between Publicly and Investor-Owned Utilities". California Energy Commission. Retrieved 29 January 2019. ^ "Energy Dictionary". Archived from the …

2019年8月15日 · Investor-owned utilities, or IOUs, are large electric distributors that issue stock owned by shareholders. Almost three-quarters of utility customers get their electricity from these companies. IOUs are most prevalent in heavily populated areas on the East and West coasts. In 2017, 168 IOUs served an average of 654,600 electric customers.

1998年10月1日 · Enron Corp. tops the list of investor-owned utilities (IOUs) as ranked by size in Electric Light & Power magazine. The publication`s annual list of the top IOUs is based on information reported...

2024年3月17日 · 🚀 交并比（IoU， Intersection over Union） 是一种计算不同图像相互重叠比例的算法，经常被用于 深度学习 领域的目标检测或语义分割任务中。 在我们得到模型输出的预测框位置后，也可以计算输出框与真实框（Ground Truth Bound）之间的 IoU，此时，这个框的取值范围为 0～1，0 表示两个框不相交，1 表示两个框正好重合。 1-IOU 表示真实框与预测框之间的差异，如果用 1-IOU，这时的取值范围还是 0～1，但是变成了 0 表示两个框重合，1 表示两个框 …

Investor-owned utilities, or IOUs, are for-profit corporations owned by either public or private shareholders. Most are publicly owned with stocks traded publicly, while others are owned by private equity. IOUs may provide gas or electric service, and many provide both.

An investor-owned utility or IOU is a business organization, providing a product or service regarded as a utility (often termed a public utility regardless of ownership), and managed as private enterprise rather than a function of government or a utility cooperative.

Each LSE, traditionally an investor-owned for-profit utility, provided electric service to all the electric users in that region (see Table SC.1 for a list of major U.S. IOUs). The IOU is thus not subject to competition, but is subject to direct economic regulation from …

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2020年3月3日 · Map of the electric investor owned utility (IOU) areas in California.

The IOC World Bird List is an open access resource of the international community of ornithologists. Our primary goal is to facilitate worldwide communication in ornithology and conservation based on an up-to-date evolutionary classification of world birds and a set of English names that follow explicit guidelines for spelling and construction.