Jīva (Sanskrit: जीव) or Ātman (/ ˈɑːtmən /; Sanskrit: आत्मन्) is a philosophical term used within Jainism to identify the soul. [1] As per Jain cosmology, jīva or soul is the principle of sentience and is one of the tattvas or one of the fundamental substances forming part of the universe.

Jiva (Sanskrit: जीव, IAST: jīva), also referred as Jivātman, is a living being or any entity imbued with a life force in Hinduism and Jainism. [1]

Jiva, in Indian philosophy and religion, and particularly in Jainism and Hinduism, a living sentient substance akin to an individual soul. In the Jain tradition, jivas are opposed to ajivas, or “nonliving substances.”

The Jain metaphysics, states Jagmanderlal Jaini, divides the universe into two independent, everlasting, co-existing and uncreated categories called the jiva (soul) and the ajiva (non-soul). This basic premise of Jainism makes it a dualistic philosophy.

In Jainism, Jiva and soul are more or less described synonymously. When the spiritual or psychic status is described it is referred to as the soul, and when the physical structure is described, it is called Jiva.

From the realistic point of view (Nischaya Naya), Jiva is distinguished by its own major quality, consciousness. Jiva is Ätmä (soul) and it has three major characteristics; a) consciousness, b) bliss and c) energy. The consciousness is the central quality of soul.

Jivas are found on earth, as well as in the water, air, and sky, and are scattered all over the universe. Human beings, celestial beings, infernal beings, animals, fish, birds, bugs, insects, plants, etc. are the most common forms of Jiva with which we can easily relate. However, Jain scriptures state that there are 8.4 million species of Jiva ...

In nutshell the nature of Jiva conceived in Jain philosophy is this that it is super sensuous, imperishable, immortal, impenetrable, non-corporeal, eternal and non-eternal, infinite and finite, and dynamic in nature.

Jiva is the belief of soul, spirit and life which enlivens matter. Jiva possesses one or more of the five senses: sight, hearing, touch, taste, smell. It also possesses thought, speech, action and respiration. It is important to note that this belief does not just pertain to human beings.

2023年9月22日 · The interplay between soul (jiva) and matter (ajiva) is at the heart of Jain metaphysical thought. According to Jainism, the soul is never truly separate from matter; it is continuously interacting with it, undergoing transformations as it …