The present study gives a short description of the anatomy of the central nervous system of elephants, with special attention to its distinctive features, reports all available literature on the subject, and briefly discusses its origins and rationale.

Compared to humans, elephant brains have more cortical real estate and fewer neurons to accommodate: their brains are three times bigger than humans’, but their cortices contain only two-thirds of the neurons. That means neuronal cell bodies and their dendrites can spread out as the elephant cortex forms.

We acquired magnetic resonance images of the brain of an adult African elephant, Loxodonta africana, in the axial and parasagittal planes and produced anatomically labeled images. We quantified the v...

We report morphological data on brains of four African, Loxodonta africana, and three Asian elephants, Elephas maximus, and compare findings to literature. Brains exhibit a gyral pattern more complex and with more numerous gyri than in primates, humans included, and in carnivores, but less complex than in cetaceans.

You've witnessed the wonders of the African elephant's nervous system, from its intricate central and peripheral systems to its remarkable brain structure. From the spinal cord's vital function to its exceptional sensory perception and motor control, these majestic creatures are truly awe-inspiring.