A nonplanar ring oscillator is a laser oscillator with a special monolithic design, which is very stable, compact and rugged. The resonator of an NPRO laser (Figure 1) consists of a single laser crystal (typically made of Nd:YAG) within which the laser light circulates.

2016年7月19日 · When you look at the structure of a six-membered ring, if all the molecular geometries around each atom in the ring are #\mathbf(sp^2)#-hybridized, then the whole molecule is planar. It's not always the case for rings of other sizes, but for six -membered rings, it …

2023年1月23日 · Consequently, the five-membered ring adopts non-planar puckered conformations whenever possible. Rings larger than cyclopentane would have angle strain if they were planar. However, this strain, together with the eclipsing strain inherent in a planar structure, can be relieved by puckering the ring.

the LISA mission. The MO is based on the non-planar ring oscillator (NPRO) resonator design. Keywords: Nonplanar ring oscillator, solid state laser, ultra-low noise laser 1. INTRODUCTION The Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) is a partnership between the European Space Agency (ESA) and NASA to build a Gravitational Wave (GW) observatory [1].

NASA Goddard Space Flight Center has developed a specifically shaped, smaller NPRO using a higher-doped Neodymium (Nd) crystal, helping to stabilize spatial modes and removing problems in frequency and polarization. This NPRO eliminates a technology gap between micro-chip lasers and traditional NPROs.

This crystal lasing device is called a Non-Planar Ring Oscillator (NPRO) and the resulting 2W beam is called a “seed” beam because it will eventually grow into a much more powerful laser.

Abstract: Diode-laser-pumped monolithic nonplanar ring oscillators (NPROs) in a applied magnetic field can operate as unidirectional traveling-wave lasers. The diode laser pumping, monolithic construction, and unidirectional oscillation lead to narrow linewidth radiation.

Monolithic nonplanar ring oscillators are reliable narrow-linewidth continuous-wave laser sources in fundamental researches and practical applications, which have been successfully used in several satellite missions. In this talk, we report on recent developments on such laser sources.

The first systematic study is presented of π interactions between non-aromatic rings, based on the authors’ own results from an experimental X-ray charge-density analysis assisted by quantum chemical calculations. The study includes quinoid rings, …

The puckered conformation helps to minimize this strain by distorting the ring into a non-planar, three-dimensional shape. The degree of puckering is more pronounced in smaller rings, as they have a greater need to relieve the strain associated with the cyclic structure.