Naturally occurring radioactive materials (NORM) and technologically enhanced naturally occurring radioactive materials (TENORM) consist of materials, usually industrial wastes or by-products enriched with radioactive elements found in the environment, such as uranium, thorium and potassium-40 (a long-lived beta emitter that is part of natural ...

2024年4月29日 · Radioactive materials which occur naturally and where human activities increase the exposure of people to ionising radiation are known by the acronym 'NORM'. NORM results from activities such as burning coal, making and using fertilisers, oil and gas production.

Naturally occurring radioactive material, sometimes known as NORM, is the term used to describe any radioactive substance that exists naturally in the environment. NORM is found everywhere in the environment including soil, rocks, water, air and vegetation.

These radioactive elements in minerals and ores originally found in the environment are commonly known as NORM – naturally occurring radioactive material. Some NORM materials require radiation control and regulation.

Some radioactive materials, often referred to using the short-form of “NORM”, exists in the earth’s crust naturally. The decay of thorium and uranium produces many different types of radioactive materials, called isotopes.

This report provides guidance and general information on the management of process streams or equipment contaminated with minor concentrations of Naturally Occurring Radionuclides (NORs).

Naturally occurring radiative material (NORM) is radioactive material containing no significant amounts of radionuclides other than naturally occurring radionuclides. The most important factor for the purposes of radiation protection are the radionuclides in the Uranium-238 (U-238) and Thorium-232 (Th-232) decay series.

Materials of this kind are commonly referred to as Naturally Occurring Radioactive Material or NORM. The International Basic Safety Standards (GSR Part 3) establishes requirements for industrial activities involving NORM.

Exposure arising from work with materials that contain NORM can sometimes come directly from the raw materials themselves, but more commonly results from their processing.

Materials of this kind are commonly referred to as Naturally Occurring Radioactive Material or NORM. The International Basic Safety Standards (GSR Part 3) establishes requirements for industrial activities involving NORM.