2023年9月4日 · Two auxin transporters, PIN3 and PIN7, in gravi-sensing cells establish hormone gradients that balance downward and upward growth to generate stable, non-vertical roots.

2024年11月15日 · With identification of additional PIN proteins (PIN3, PIN4, and PIN7), it turned out that their subcellular localization and corresponding mutant phenotypes are consistent with PINs’ function as...

2009年12月29日 · Altogether, Arabidopsis has eight annotated PIN genes, of which six have been functionally characterized up to now: PIN1 [6], PIN2 [7 – 10], PIN3 [11], PIN4 [12], PIN5 [13], and PIN7 [14]. PIN6 and PIN8 are still awaiting characterization. The eight Arabidopsis PIN genes generally can be divided into two broad subfamilies.

其中，pin3突变体的表型最明显，而双突pin3pin4和pin4pin7的顶端弯钩受抑制的程度进一步增大。 最后，使用PINs基因的启动子驱动GUS检测基因的表达模式发现，不同PINs基因在弯钩中都有不同程度的表达，只不过表达部位稍有不同：PIN1主要在中柱（central cylinder）表达，PIN3和PIN4主要在下胚轴的表皮（epidermis）和皮层（cortex）细胞表达，PIN7在顶端弯钩形成区域下方的下胚轴表达。 以上结果说明，PIN3，PIN4和PIN7共同调节顶端弯钩的形成，其功能具有 …

2022年8月2日 · PIN3 shares at least 54% sequence identity with other long PINs (PIN1, PIN2, PIN4 and PIN7) and can therefore be used as a model for the structural and functional analysis of the PIN family...

The triple mutant pin3/4/7 had a shoot with more branches and roots with impaired gravitropism (Fig. 1B and fig. S2E) . Next, to understand the functional relationship between PIN clades, we combined every pair out of three PIN clades to construct higher-order Arabidopsis pin mutants for phenotypic analysis.

在模式植物拟南芥中，PIN家族包括8个蛋白成员，包括经典的、主要分布于细胞膜上的、具有较长胞质loop环的PIN成员（PIN1~PIN4和PIN7），非经典的、分布于内质网上的、具有较短胞质loop环的PIN成员（PIN5和PIN8），以及胞质loop环长度介于二者之间的PIN6蛋白。

2023年8月19日 · We found that auxin synthesis gene TAA1 and auxin polar transport genes AUX1 and PIN3 collectively maintain fertility and seed size in Arabidopsis. Auxin plays a vital role in plant gametophyte development and embryogenesis.

2023年12月20日 · Visualization of PIN3-GFP and PIN7-GFP localization indicated PIN-mediated transport in parallel to plasmodesmata-mediated transport along abaxial midrib epidermis cells. We found plasmodesmata-mediated cell coupling in the pin3pin4pin7 mutant to match wild-type levels, indicating no redundancy between pathways.

Time-lapse imaging revealed disrupted dynamics of apical hook development in pin1, pin3, pin4, and pin7, as well as certain double mutant combinations. Interestingly, PIN3 and PIN4 are preferentially expressed in the outer side of the apical hook, and the increased drainage of auxin from this region may result in its predominant accumulation on ...