Prakrit (/ ˈ p r ɑː k r ɪ t / [a]) is a group of vernacular classical Middle Indo-Aryan languages that were used in the Indian subcontinent from around the 5th century BCE to the 12th century CE. [2] [3] [4] The term Prakrit is usually applied to the middle period of Middle Indo-Aryan languages, excluding Pali. [5]

普拉克里特诸语言 （梵语： प्राकृत, 梵语：prākṛta； 泰卢固语： prākrutam； 卡纳达语： pagada ； 泰米尔语： pāgadam; 𑀧𑀸𑀉𑀤, pāuda; pāua），或称为 古印度土语，是对公元前3世纪到公元8世纪 印度 使用的一系列 印度-雅利安语支 语言中的 土语 的统称。 [ 3 ][ 4 ] “普拉克里特”一词通常指中古印度-雅利安语，不含早期的碑文和 巴利语。 [ 5 ] “普拉克里特”一词在 梵语 中原意是“天然的”，引申为“俗语”，与上流社会的 梵语 相对。 [ 5 ] 普拉克里特诸语言一般认为是人们 …

普拉克利特语，（巴Prākrit），中期印度的俗语，分为古、中、今三个阶段。 中期印度雅利安语的总称。 是相对于标准梵语的各地俗语。 亦即中期印度标准梵语之外的所有雅利安民众的方言。 然此系就广义而言，若依狭义的尺度，则普拉克利特语具有三义， (1)指 mahārāṣṭrī， (2)指其他梵文戏曲所用一切俗语的总称， (3)指耆那教文献等所使用的俗语。 今之所述，系指广义的普拉克利特语。 依其成立年代，可分成古层、中层、新层三阶段，兹分述如下︰. (1)古层︰成立于西元前 …

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The most prominent form of Prakrit is Ardhamāgadhı̄, associated with the ancient kingdom of Magadha, in modern Bihar, and the subsequent Mauryan Empire. Mahāvı̄ra, the founder of Jainism, was born in Magadha, and the earliest Jain texts were composed in Ardhamāgadhı̄.

By using Prakrit as the medium of their teaching they waved the flag of revolution in their diversified areas of the society of their times. Since Prakrit already assumed such an importance as a form of folk language in early times, it earned the status of state language during Ashoka’s time, and fame continued for hundreds of years.

2022年11月27日 · Prakrit.—Anglicised spelling of Prākṛta, the name of a language. Note: prakrit is defined in the “Indian epigraphical glossary” as it can be found on ancient inscriptions commonly written in Sanskrit, Prakrit or Dravidian languages.

2018年12月30日 · Prakrit was largely employed in ancient epigraphies. They were meant for the common people of the society. So they were written in regional languages and not in Sanskrit. Ashokan inscriptions, Hathi-gumpha inscriptions and Nasik inscriptions are found in Prakrit language written in Brahmi or Kharoshti scripts.

These passages represent at least several centuries of reflection on Prakrit, as a language and as a literary tradition. Can we identify regularities in the way Prakrit is talked about? How do we account for them? What is the nature of Prakrit’s relationship with Sanskrit? Do they complement or contradict each other?