The Rho family of GTPases is a family of small (~21 kDa) signaling G proteins, and is a subfamily of the Ras superfamily. The members of the Rho GTPase family have been shown to regulate many aspects of intracellular actin dynamics, and are found in all eukaryotic kingdoms, including yeasts and some plants.

2024年2月19日 · Rho GTPases 是一类重要的细胞信号传导蛋白，在细胞内起着关键的调控作用。 它们是小的 GTP酶，属于 Ras超家族，包括RhoA、RhoB、RhoC、Rac1、Rac2、Cdc42等多种成员。

RHO GTPases contain a highly conserved G domain, which is responsible for GDP/GTP binding and GTP hydrolysis. Switch I and switch II regions are the consensus binding sites for GEFs, GAPs, GDIs, and effectors, and undergo conformational changes upon the nucleotide exchange and hydrolysis [3].

2016年6月15日 · Rho GTPases, which cycle between a GTP-bound active form and a GDP-bound inactive form, regulate cytoskeletal and cell adhesion dynamics and thus are crucial for the coordination of cell...

2021年7月20日 · It seems that 20 canonical RHO GTPases are likely regulated by three GDIs, 85 GEFs, and 66 GAPs, and eventually interact with >70 downstream effectors. A recurring theme is the challenge in understanding the molecular determinants of the specificity of these four classes of interacting proteins that, irrespective of their functions, bind to ...

2012年12月1日 · Rho GTPases comprise a family of molecular switches that control signal transduction pathways in eukaryotic cells. A conformational change induced upon binding GTP promotes an interaction with target (effector) proteins to generate a cellular response. A highly conserved function of Rho GTPases from …

2002年12月12日 · These small, monomeric GTPases, which number over 60 in mammals, fall into five major groups: Ras, Rho, Rab, Arf and Ran. This review focuses specifically on Rho GTPases, emphasizing the...

2024年1月3日 · The Rho GTPases — RHOA, RAC1 and CDC42 — are small GTP binding proteins that regulate basic biological processes such as cell locomotion, cell division and morphogenesis by promoting...

RhoA, RhoB and RhoC are three closely related proteins, and are members of the Ras super-family of small GTP-binding proteins. They bind and hydrolyse GTP, and are active in the GTP-bound form. Their activity in cells is regulated by exchange factors, GTPase activating proteins and guanine nucleotid …

2025年2月1日 · Once activated, Rho GTPases relocate to the plasma membrane (PM) or other intracellular compartments to selectively interact with downstream effectors. GTPase activating proteins (GAPs) stimulate hydrolysis of the bound GTP, leading to Rho protein inactivation.