In electrocardiography, the T wave represents the repolarization of the ventricles. The interval from the beginning of the QRS complex to the apex of the T wave is referred to as the absolute refractory period. The last half of the T wave is referred to as the relative refractory period or vulnerable period.

The T wave on an ECG (electrocardiogram) represents the repolarization of the ventricles in the heart. It is the part of the ECG waveform that follows the QRS complex and precedes the next P wave. The shape and duration of the T-wave can provide important information about the heart’s electrical stability and overall heart health.

Learn about the T-wave, physiology, normal appearance and abnormal T-waves (inverted / negative, flat, large or hyperacute), with emphasis on ECG features and clinical implications.

2024年10月8日 · A review of normal T wave morphology as well common abnormalities including peaked, hyperacute, inverted, biphasic, 'camel hump' and flattened T waves

2022年12月22日 · Normally, the T wave on an electrocardiogram (ECG) represents ventricular repolarization. Changes in T wave morphology can indicate various benign or pathologic conditions affecting the myocardium. Proper knowledge of T wave morphology is essential to the successful evaluation and management of several conditions.

Assessment of the T-wave represents a difficult but fundamental part of ECG interpretation. The normal T-wave in adults is positive in most precordial and limb leads. The T-wave amplitude is highest in V2–V3. The amplitude diminishes with increasing age. As noted above, the transition from the ST segment to the T-wave should be smooth.

Although myocardial ischemia may affect every aspect of the ECG – from heart rhythm to QTc interval – the most prominent and reliable ECG changes occur in the ST segment and the T-wave. This chapter focuses mainly on ST segment deviations (ST segment depression, ST segment elevation) and T-wave changes.

12‐lead ECG electrode placement and T wave polarity. Example of ECG electrode placements and leads. Normally, T waves are positive in leads I, II, and V3‐V6 and are concordant with the QRS direction. Leads aVR and V1 are generally inverted or negative. In addition, leads V1‐V3 are usually inverted in children under the age of 16.

A T wave inversion (TWI) refers to a T wave with a negative polarity. In contrast, a positive T wave is referred to as an upright T wave. A deep T wave is an inverted T wave that is >3 mm deep and is also usually more symmetric.

Explore the T wave in ECGs, its normal presentation, and variations such as high peaked, tall broad, inverted, biphasic, double, and flat T waves.