2024年7月2日 · Tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) is 1 of the most common congenital anomalies in major pediatric surgical centers. Infants with a TEF classically present with respiratory distress, feeding difficulties, choking, and risk for aspiration. TEF is most commonly associated with other congenital anomalies, particularly cardiac defects.

2024年10月8日 · Congenital tracheo-esophageal fistula is a congenital pathological communication between the trachea and esophagus. Tracheo-esophageal fistula and esophageal atresia have a combined incidence of approximately 1 in 3500 live births 1-3,5.

2019年11月25日 · Benign acquired tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) is a rare complication related to prolonged mechanical ventilation, esophageal and mediastinal surgeries, chest trauma, or infection. TEF should be suspected in ventilated patients with persistent air leak, recurrent pneumonias, or those with persistent cough immediately following swallowing (Ono ...

2023年2月22日 · Acquired TEF is divided into acquired malignant tracheoesophageal fistulas and acquired non-malignant or benign tracheoesophageal fistulas, which are the major type in children caused by accidental swallowing of foreign bodies (button batteries, metals, corrosive liquids, etc.), trauma, medical trauma, burns, etc. (9, 10). A recurrent TEF after ...

2015年12月11日 · By now, the main treatments for TEF are as follow: (I) interventional treatment with bronchoscopy and endoscopy are the primary therapeutic options, which can alleviate symptoms and prolong survival (4,10); (II) surgery, which is performed rarely on patients with benign TEF (bTEF) because of the risk and the difficulty.

2016年3月16日 · Multidisciplinary care of children with repaired esophageal atresia and tracheoesophageal fistula. Pediatric Pulmonology. Advance inline publication. dio: 10.1002/ppul.23330. Ho, A. M., Dion, J. M., & Wong, J. C. (2016). Airway and ventilatory management options in congenital tracheoesophageal fistula repair.

Tracheoesophageal fistulas (TEF) are abnormal, pathologic communications between the posterior wall of the trachea and the anterior wall of the esophagus. TEF can be congenital or acquired, as well as benign or malignant. Most TEF in adults are acquired; congenital TEF are more commonly associated with esophageal atresia at birth.

2019年11月17日 · Tracheoesophageal fistula (TE fistula or TEF) is an abnormal communication between the trachea and esophagus. While tracheoesophageal fistula can be secondary to malignancy, trauma, infection, or surgery, the vast majority are congenital in nature. It is the most common congenital abnormality of the trachea and found in 1 in 3000 live births ...

毒性当量因子 (Toxic Equivalency Factor, TEF)主要是用来评价环境中的混合物对机体健康影响的潜在效应。 环境中存在的二恶英以其混合物形式存在，评价接触这些混合物对健康产生的潜在效应并非含量简单相加。 为评价这些 混合物 对健康影响的潜在效应，提出了毒性当量的概念，并通过 毒性当量 因子 (Toxic Equivalency Factor, TEF)来折算。 作用位点和作用机理相同的污染物通常具有毒性加合作用，但是各个污染物对总体毒性的贡献并不相同因此需要采用等毒性当量方法进 …

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